How To Find Bulk Density Of Sand

• The density of Cement, Sand and Aggregate
• Density of Cement
• Sand Density
• Density of Aggregate
• Bulk density of Aggregate
• Relative Density or Specific Gravity of Aggregate
• Density of Edifice Materials Equally Per IS 875 Function-1

The density of Cement, Sand and Aggregate

Density, also known as the unit weight, is the mass per unit book of the textile. The symbol RHO (ρ) denotes it. It explains the caste of compactness of a textile. If the density of whatever substance is high, that means it is denser.

Mass per unit of measurement book of any construction material refers to its density. It is presented in Kg/k ³ or lb/ft ³ and shows the construction cloth'due south compactness.

Density can exist stated as ρ = m / v = one/v

Where

ρ = Density

chiliad = Mass

Five = Book

Density of Cement

A cement is a binding substance utilised in structure work that hardens and gains forcefulness speedily underwater.

Merely cement is unusually used; it is used to bind coarse and fine aggregate to produce mortar and physical. The cement is mixed with fine aggregate to have mortar for plaster and masonry, and with sand and coarse aggregate to give physical.

Equally I said, earlier density is the material's mass per unit volume. Since we measure mass in kg or lb and book in litre or cubic meter or cubic anxiety, hence density is stated in Kg/m ³ or lb/ft ³. The density of  OPC cement is = 1440 Kg/1000 ³.

Also Read – Difference Between OPC and PPC Cement

Sand Density

The density of sand varies according to its atmospheric condition ( Dry or Wet or packed).

The density of sand may modify if information technology is in a dry out or wet condition equally well every bit a loose and compacted country. When sand is packed, sand particles are forced to grade a narrow disposition, resulting in more than cloth in the book.

When sand is in wet status, water is present in sand particles that modify material quantity in the book. The average density of sand in a dissimilar state are as follows:

Loose Sand Density: 1442 Kg/m ⁱⁱⁱ

Dry Sand Density: 1602 Kg/m ⁱⁱⁱ

Packed Sand Density: 1682 Kg/thousand ^three

Packed Sand Density: 2082 Kg/m ⁱⁱⁱ

Likewise, Read – Silt Content Exam for Sand

Density of Aggregate

Aggregates are chemically idle substances that are bonded by cement paste to make physical. Aggregates produce the majority of the total concrete's volume; hence, they affect concrete strength significantly.

Based on their size, the aggregates are named as:

• Fine Aggregate
• Fibroid Aggregate

The textile below 4.75 mm size refers to fine amass. The percentage of all types of harmful matter in fine aggregate should not surpass 5%. Crushed stone dust or natural sand is the fine aggregate chiefly utilised in the concrete mix.

Sand may exist collected from the river, ocean, lake or pit. Still, when used in the physical mix, it should exist adequately cleaned and tested to determine that the full percentage of silt, salts, clay and other such organic stuff does not pass the defined limit.

The substance that particles are retained on IS sieve no 480 (4.75mm) refers to coarse amass. The Nature of the work decides which size of coarse amass should be used.

The maximum size may be twenty cm for mass concrete, such as in dams etc. and 63 mm for plain cement concrete work.

For reinforced cement physical work unremarkably, 20 mm size aggregate is preferred. For structural concrete common materials like gravel and crushed stone are used.

Also, Read – What is M Sand? Properties, advantages, Disadvantages.

Bulk density of Aggregate

It is the weight of aggregate needed to make full a unit volume of the container. It helps to convert quantities by weight to past book. It also indicates the amass grading and shape.

Majority Density = Weight of aggregate / Container of unit volume

Unit: Kg/m ⁱⁱⁱ or lb/ft ⁱⁱⁱ

Essential Points

• Majority density is equal to mass if the volume is unit.
• In the above definition, the volume contains both aggregates forth with voids between aggregate particles.
• The approximate value of bulk density for aggregate commonly used for normal-weight concrete varies between 1200-1750 Kg/g ³ or 75 to 110 lb/ft ³ .

Relative Density or Specific Gravity of Aggregate

Aggregate Contains both permeable and impermeable pores. The specific gravity of aggregate excluding all pores is referred to as the absolute specific gravity. It is described as

Absolute Specific Gravity = (Weight of oven-dried aggregate at 100°c for 24 hours) / (Weight of water's volume equal to that of aggregate'southward solids excluding pores)

Essential Points

• Most of the aggregates possess a relative density within 2.4 – ii.ix with a similar particle density about 2400-2900 Kg/g ³ (150-181 lb/ft ³ ).
• Hereabouts, for coarse aggregates, the standard test process has been described in ASTM C 127(AASHTO), and for fine aggregates, the standard test practice has been described in ASTM C 128 (AASHTO).
• An aggregate relative density tin be decided based on over dry or saturated surface dry.

The absolute specific gravity is unremarkably not needed in concrete engineering. If only permeable pores are considered, and the textile'south solid volume is excluded, then the resulting specific gravity refers to credible specific gravity. It is represented every bit

Apparent specific gravity = (Weight of oven-dried Aggregate at 100°c for 24 hours) / (Weight of water's volume equal to that of aggregate'southward solids excluding permeable pores)

In concrete applied science, specific gravity based on a saturated surface dry condition is by and large used. It is referred to gross apparent specific gravity and is represented as

Gross apparent specific gravity = (Weight of dried amass in saturated surface dry status) / (weight of water'south volume equal to that of aggregate, including all pores)

Density of Edifice Materials As Per IS 875 Part-1

Conversion:

ane KN/m³ = 101.9716 kg/m3 say = 100 kg/grandⁱⁱⁱ (round off)

1 Kg/m^three = 0.0624 lb/ft³

Structure Materials	Density in Kg/miii	Density in KN/m3	Density in lb/ft3
Bitumen	1040	10.iv	64.896
Brick Dust (Surkhi)	1010	10.ane	63.024
Cement Mortar	2080	20.viii	129.792
Chalk	2100	21	131.04
Dirt Soil	1900	xix	118.56
Earth (Dry)	1410-1840	14.1-18.four	87.98-114.82
Earth (Moist)	1600-2000	xvi-20	99.84-124.eight
Fire Bricks	2400	24	149.76
Glass	2500	25	156
Granite Rock	2400-2690	24-26.9	149.76-167.85
Gypsum Mortar	1200	12	74.88
Gypsum Powder	1410-1760	14.1-17.6	87.98-109.82
Ice	920	9.2	57.408
Lime Mortar	1600-1840	16-xviii	99.84-114.82
Ordinary Cement	1440	xiv.4	89.856
PCC (Plain Cement Concrete)	2400	24	149.76
Pitch	1010	ten.1	63.024
Prestressed Cement Concrete	2400	24	149.76
Rapid Hardening Cement	1280	12.8	79.872
RCC (Reinforced Cement Concrete)	2500	25	156
RCC Blocks	2100	21	131.04
Carmine Bricks	1920	19.ii	119.808
Road Tar	1010	10.one	63.024
Prophylactic	1300	13	81.12
Sal Wood	865	8.65	53.976
Saline Water	1025	10.25	63.96
Sand (Dry)	1540-1600	xv.4 -16	96.09 – 99.84
Sand (Wet)	1760-2000	17.6 – 20	109.82 -124.8
Sissoo Wood	785	vii.85	48.984
Steel (Mild)	7850	78.five	489.84
Stone Ballast	1720	17.2	107.328
Stone chips	1600 -1920	xvi -nineteen.two	99.84 -119.81
Stainless Steel	7480	74.8	466.752
Teak Wood	640	6.4	39.936
Water	chiliad	x	62.4

There are several materials used in edifice construction work. In the above tabular array, we have tried to comprehend the density/unit weight of mostly used building materials. I hope information technology helps yous.

Thank you!

Also, Read

Unit Weight of Building Materials Used in Construction

Divergence Betwixt Pre Tensioning and Post Tensioning

Water Cement Ratio – Definition, Importance, Calculation

What is curing of Concrete? – Purpose, Importance, Curing Period & Method

What is Plinth Beam? – Plinth Protection, Difference Between Plinth Beam and Tie Axle

Source: https://www.civillead.com/density-of-cement-sand-and-aggregate/

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